- brachial plexus injuries
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injuries to the major nerve group of the arm
See also Brachial plexus program overview; Motion Analysis Center; Neurosurgery; Types of brachial plexus injuries
- cerebral palsy (CP)
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a broad term that describes a group of neurological (brain) disorders. It is a life-long condition that affects the communication between the brain and the muscles, causing a permanent state of uncoordinated movement and posturing. CP is the result of an episode that causes a lack of oxygen to the brain.
See also Cerebral palsy; Motion Analysis Center; Neurology; Orthopaedic surgery/Sports and rehabilitative medicine; Planned giving; Refereed scientific articles published or accepted for publication; Research; Cerebral palsy: a patient's perspective
- cleft palate
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a birth abnormality in which the roof of the mouth does not completely fuse, leaving an opening that can extend into the nasal cavity. The cleft may involve either side of the palate. It can extend from the front of the mouth (hard palate) to the throat (soft palate). Cleft palate may also be seen in conjunction with cleft lip. Fetal cleft lip can sometimes be diagnosed before birth by ultrasound.
See also Amniotic band birth defects; Fetal cleft lip and palate; Institute for Fetal Health; Plastic and reconstructive surgery; Jacob's new jaw
- communication disorders
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a group of developmental disorders that include expressive language disorder, which focuses on developmental delays and difficulties in the ability to produce speech, and mixed receptive-expressive language disorder, which focuses on developmental delays and difficulties in the ability to understand spoken language and produce speech.
See also Psychiatry (child and adolescent)
- congenital hand problems
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abnormalities such as extra fingers and toes, webbed fingers, club hand, absent thumbs. Fetal diagnosis of hand problems by ultrasound is often difficult or impossible due to infants' near-constant movement. Very early sonograms (12 weeks) often yield the most reliable images.
See also Institute for Fetal Health; Plastic and reconstructive surgery
- congenital muscular torticollis
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a condition in which an infant's neck muscle is shortened causing the neck to twist
See also Congenital muscular torticollis; Ear, nose and throat (Otolaryngology)
- cranial deformities
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abnormalities of the skull. Fetal cranial abnormalities are diagnosed by unltrasound and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) before birth.
See also Institute for Fetal Health; Neurosurgery; Plastic and reconstructive surgery
- expressive language disorder
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a communication disorder identified by developmental delays and difficulties in the ability to produce speech.
- fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS)
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a group of birth defects caused by the mother’s use of alcohol during pregnancy.
- hearing loss
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two main types of hearing loss are sensorineural and conductive. Both types of hearing loss can be present at birth, or they can develop later in life.
See also Ear, nose and throat (Otolaryngology); Hearing loss; Cochlear implants reduce Nicole's hearing impairment; Surya blossoms as hearing improves; Wells family transforms care for deaf and hearing-impaired children
- language disorders
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a group of disorders involving problems with verbal communication and the ability to use or understand the symbol system for interpersonal communication.
- pervasive developmental disorders
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severe problems in a variety of areas, such as social interaction, communication and behavioral flexibility
See also Neurology; Psychiatry (child and adolescent)
- speech disorders
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delayed or abnormal speech development
See also Building Brighter Futures