Fractures of the orbit
When one or more
bones surrounding the eye are broken, the condition is called orbital fracture.
The orbit is the bony structure around the eye. An orbital fracture usually
occurs after some type of injury or a strike to the face. Depending on where the
fracture is located, it can be associated with severe eye injury and damage.
What are the symptoms of an orbital fracture?
The
following are the most common symptoms of an orbital fracture. However, each
child may experience symptoms differently. Symptoms may include:
- Swelling of the eyelid
- Bruising around the eye
- Pain in the eye
- Double vision
- Decreased movement of the affected eye
The symptoms of an orbital fracture may resemble other eye conditions or
medical problems. Always consult your child's physician for a diagnosis.
How is an orbital fracture diagnosed?
Diagnosis is
usually made after a complete medical history and physical examination of your
child. In addition, your child's physician may also order the following tests to
help confirm the diagnosis:
- X-ray - a diagnostic test which uses invisible electromagnetic energy
beams to produce images of internal tissues, bones, and organs onto film.
- Computed tomography scan (Also called a CT or
CAT scan) - a diagnostic
imaging procedure that uses a combination of x-rays and computer technology to
produce cross-sectional images (often called slices), both horizontally and
vertically, of the body. A CT scan shows detailed images of any part of the
body, including the bones, muscles, fat, and organs. CT scans are more
detailed than general x-rays.
Treatment for an orbital fracture:
Specific treatment for an
orbital fracture will be determined by your child's physician based on:
- Your child's age, overall health, and medical history
- Extent of the injury
- The location of the fracture
- Associated double vision that persists or association with eye muscle
entrapment
- Cosmetic concerns
- Your child's tolerance for specific medications,
procedures, or therapies
- Your opinion or preference
Treatment may include:
- A consultation with an ophthalmologist (physician who specializes in
comprehensive eye care) may be necessary for a complete evaluation of the eye.
- Some fractures do not have to be treated immediately. Depending on the
injury, time may be allowed for the swelling and bruising to go away before
the fracture is treated.
- Usually, the double vision will resolve without treatment in three to four
days.
- Surgery may be indicated for severe fractures, or if there is involvement
of the eye. Surgery may be performed immediately, or up to several days after
the trauma.