When are eye examinations needed?
Children are different than adults in that a child's brain develops more
rapidly. Any problems a child may experience with his/her vision may disrupt the
development of visual pathways to the brain. A critical stage of visual
development occurs between birth and age 3 to 4 months, during which time the
brain must receive clear visual messages from both eyes. Early detection and
treatment can prevent loss of vision, learning difficulties, and delayed
development. The American Academy of Ophthalmology (AAO) and the American
Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) have recommended the following screening stages:
- Newborn — All newborns are examined in the nursery for eye infections,
abnormal light reflexes, and other eye disorders, such as cataracts.
- 6 months — Visual screening of infants should be performed during the
well-baby visits, particularly checking for how the eyes work together.
- 3 to 4 years — Formal visual acuity tests and the complete eye examination
should be performed.
- 5 years and older — Annual visual screening tests by the pediatricians and
eye examinations as necessary.
Children often cannot tell you when they are having problems with their
vision. Visual screening helps to identify those children who may need further
eye examinations and testing. The earlier the detection of vision problems, the
more successful the treatment. Always discuss eye examinations and visual
screening with your child's physician.