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Cancer (oncology)

Glossary of terms

anemia

a blood disorder caused by a deficiency of red blood cells or hemoglobin (the oxygen-carrying protein in red blood cells)

See also AnemiaBlood disorders (hematology)Children's Memorial Center for Cancer and Blood DisordersWill thrives thanks to sickle cell expertise

apheresis

a procedure in which a patient's own blood is removed, particular fluid and cellular elements are extracted from the blood, then returned to the patient.

See also Children's Memorial Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders

cancer

a group of diseases that cause cells in the body to change and grow out of control. Most types of cancer cells form a lump or mass called a tumor. The tumor can invade and destroy healthy tissue.

See also A Day's Anatomy - Inside the life of a pediatric residentBe hero for kidsBrother's cancer inspires nurse to work at Children's MemorialFellowships help train tomorrow’s physician-scientistsJoey's long journey back to healthLiving life to the "Max"Maggie's fighting spiritNew approach to cancer researchSpelling out superior nursing for children with cancer: C-P-O-NWe must share our knowledge to help all children with cancer

Ewing sarcoma

a cancer that occurs primarily in the bone or soft tissue

See also Children's Memorial Center for Cancer and Blood DisordersEwing sarcoma

germ cell tumors

tumors (cancerous or non-cancerous) that are comprised mostly of germ cells, cells that develop in the embryo (fetus, or unborn baby) and become the cells that make up the reproductive system in males and females

See also Children's Memorial Center for Cancer and Blood DisordersGerm cell tumors

graft-versus-host disease (GVHD)

a condition that results when the immune cells of a transplant (usually of bone marrow) from a donor attack the tissues of the person receiving the transplant.

See also Children's Memorial Center for Cancer and Blood Disorders

hepatoblastoma

a very rare cancerous tumor that originates in the liver

See also Children's Memorial Center for Cancer and Blood DisordersHepatoblastoma

leukemia

a cancer of the blood-forming tissue. Leukemic cells look different than normal cells and do not function properly.

See also Children's Memorial Center for Cancer and Blood DisordersLeukemiaA Day's Anatomy - Inside the life of a pediatric residentBrother's cancer inspires nurse to work at Children's MemorialCelebrating every minute of every dayLexy finds hope away from home

lymphocytic leukemia

a type of leukemia in which the cancer develops in the lymphocytes (lymphoid cells).

non-Hodgkin lymphoma

a type of lymphoma, a cancer in the lymphatic system; causes the cells in the lymphatic system to abnormally reproduce, eventually causing tumors to grow. Non-Hodgkin lymphoma cells can also spread to other organs.

See also Children's Memorial Center for Cancer and Blood DisordersNon-Hodgkin lymphomaThe lymphatic systemKiki confronts non-Hodgkin's T-cell lymphoma

osteosarcoma (also called osteogenic sarcoma)

a cancer which affects the bone

See also Children's Memorial Center for Cancer and Blood DisordersOrthopaedic surgery/Sports and rehabilitative medicineOsteogenic sarcoma

rhabdomyosarcoma

a cancerous tumor that originates in the soft tissues of the body, including the muscles, tendons, and connective tissues

See also Children's Memorial Center for Cancer and Blood DisordersMedical Research Junior Board FoundationRhabdomyosarcomaMaggie's fighting spirit

Wilms tumor

also called nephroblastoma, is a cancerous tumor originating in the cells of the kidney

See also Children's Memorial Center for Cancer and Blood DisordersPathology and laboratory medicineSurgery (general)The last word on Wilms tumorWilms tumor